1.The streets ______ many times every day. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned D. are cleaned
2. —What happened to Martin yesterday?
—He ______ by a car when he was crossing the road. A. hits B. was hit C. hit D. is hit
3. The 30th Olympic Games ______ in London in 2012. A. held B. is hold C. will hold D. will be held
4. The students _______ how to do the experiment in class yesterday. A. taught B. were taught C. are taught D. teach
5. The music is very loud and it can ______ from a long way away. A. be heard B. is heard C. hear D. heard
6. A new supermarket ______ in my hometown next month. A. build B. will be built C. built D. builds
7. Mr. Smith has a loud voice. His voice can ______ clearly even in that big classroom. A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard
8. —Now computers ______ everywhere.
—I agree with you. I think they are the most useful inventions in the world. A. are using B. use C. are used D. will use
9. —The pizza ______ by my mum just now. Would you like to have some?
—Yes, please. A. will be served B. served C. will serve D. was served
10.The whole China ______ to tears by Cairen Danzhou（才仁旦舟）, the youngest volunteer and hero in Yushu，Qinghai Province.
A. move B. moves C. is moving D. is moved
11. Thousands of Japanese people _____ during the earthquake and tsunami last month. A. killed B. are killed C. were killed D. were killing
12. It’s well-known that the telephone ______ by Bell in 1876.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
13. The new supermarket _____ two years ago. A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built
14. It is true that knowledge ______ instead of being taught. A. learns B. learned C. is learned D. was learned
15. —How beautiful the library! —Yes. It ________ last year.
A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built
16. These photos ______ on the Great Wall last week. A. were taken B. took C. take D. are taken
17. —Can you read this letter for me? — Sorry. It ______ in French. I can’t read it.
A. writes B. wrote C. is written D. is writing
18. Our school ______ 20 years ago.
A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built
19. A talk on the history of the Great Wall ______ in the school hall next week. A. gives B. gave C. will be given D. is given
20. —Look at the sign on the wall.
—Oh, smoking here.
A. doesn’t allow B. didn’t allow C. isn’t allowed D. wasn’t allowed
1. D 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。主语“the streets”与动词“clean”之间为被动关系。“every day”为一般现在时的标志词。一般现在时的被动语态的结构为：am/ is/ are+过去分词，故选择D。
2. B 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。主语“He”与动词“hit”之间为被动关系。“yesterday”为一般过去时的标志词，句意为“（昨天）他在过马路时被车撞了”，故本题时态应为一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were+过去分词，故选择B。 3. D 本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。主语“The 30th Olympic Games”与动词“hold”之间为被动关系。又因为“in 2012”为一般将来时的标志词。一般将来时的被动语态的构成：will be +过去分词，故选择D。
4. B 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。主语“the students”与动词“teach”之间为被动关系。“yesterday”为一般过去时的标志词，句意为“昨天在课上学生们被教导如何做实验”，故本题的时态应为一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were+过去分词，故选择B。
5. A 本题考查的是含有情态动词的被动语态。主语“it”指代的是“music”，与动词“hear”间为被动关系。又根据题干中的“can”可知是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词，故选择A。
6. B 本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。“next month”是未来的时间，因此用将来时的被动形式“will be +动词的过去分词”，故选择B。
7. B 本题考查的`是含有情态动词can的被动语态。带有can，may，must等情态动词的被动语态的构成是“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”，故选择B。
8. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。句意是“现在电脑被应用于各个领域”，可知是一般现在时的被动语态，故选择C。
9. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“just now”为过去的时间，pizza为主语，所以用过去式的被动语态，故选择D。
10. D 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。由句意“整个中国被感动落泪”可知是一般现在时的被动语态，故选择D。
11. C 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“last month”是一般过去时的标志词，再根据句意“成千上万的日本民众在地震和海啸中遇难”，可知选择C。
12. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“n 1876”为过去的时间，排除A和C，根据句意“电话被发明”，可知选择D。
13. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。“two years ago”为过去的时间，排除A和C，根据句意“这家新超市是2年前被建造的”，可知是被动语态，故选择D。
14. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。由句意“知识被学”可知是被动语态，由It is true又可知是一般现在时，故选择C。
15. C 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。句意是“图书馆于去年被建”，故选择C。 16. A 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意“照片于上周被照”，故选择A。 17. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意“这封信是用法语写的”可知是被动语态，故选择C。
18. D 本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意“我们的学校是20年前被建造的”，可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故选择D。
19. C 本题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意“一个关于长城历史的报告将于下
周在我们学校礼堂（被）举行”可知是一般将来时的被动语态，故选择C。
20. C 本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意“看墙上的标志，这儿不许抽烟”可知是一般现在时的被动语态，故选择C。
被动语态的句子精选
被动语态的`言语或名人名句
a man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。 a word spoken is past recalling.一言既出，驷马难追。dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。experience
must be bought.吃一堑，长一智。he is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.自嘲者不会让人见笑。 lost time
is never found again.岁月既往，一去不回。many things grow in the garden that were never sown there.有心栽花花不发，无
心插柳柳成荫。
no man is born wise or learned.没有生而知之者。 the finest diamond must be cut.玉不琢，不成器。 if a thing is worth doing it is worth doing well.如果事情值得做，就值得做好。nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. 无热情成就不了伟业。
lost time is never found again.岁月既往，一去不回。 nothing is to be got without pains but poverty. 世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获。 a tree is known by its fruit. a bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk.闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人what may be done at any time will be done at no time. 明日待明日，明日不再来。books, like friends, should be few and well chosen. 读书如择友，宜少且宜精。a true friend is known in the day of adversity. 患难见真情a servant is known by his masters absence. 主人不在可以看出仆人的品行来。 all things are easy that are done willingly. 做事乐意，诸事容易。
a hero is known in the time of misfortune. 时势造英雄。
nothing is given so freely as advice.劝人最容易。
a friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友。
a good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。a liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。rome is not built in a day冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 there is kindness to be found everywhere.人间处处有温情。 time lost cannot be
won again.时光流逝，不可复得。time past cannot be called back again.时间不能倒流 dont part with your illusions . when they are gone you may still exist , but you
have ceased to live. (mark twain , american writer) 不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹死。（(美国作家 马
克·吐温) you know some birds are not meant to be caged, their feathers are just too bright.你知道，有些鸟儿是注定不会被关在牢笼里的，它们的每一片羽毛都闪耀着自由的光辉。
《shawshank redemption肖申克的救赎》 温总理答记者问的精彩
on the present at the same time he should be thinking of the future 一个领导者应
该把眼睛盯住前方，把握现在，思考未来。
1、主谓关系中人称和数量不一致性
汉语的动词不受主语的人称和数的影响，但英语的谓语动词要和主语保持一致，谓语动词要随着主语而变化。而学生主要用汉语思维，因此他们往往没有习惯去考虑主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数。例如：
a. A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.
b. He go to school by bike every day.
分析：
a句中a number of +复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式。b中 He是第三人称单数，在一般现在时态中谓语动词go应该加es。
2、时态
高中生在写作中经常在时态方面犯错误。英语时态种类繁多，动词的构成形式随着时态的变化而变化。中文里没有时态区分。动作或动词的时间由跟在动词后的诸如 “着”、“了”、“过”等副词来表示，对高中生来说，掌握英语的时态不是很容易。实际上，学习者在头脑里很清楚语法规则，但经常混淆或忘记改变动词的词形。例如：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it was born.
b. I spend 50 yuan buying the clothes.
c. I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.
正确的句子：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it is born.
b. I spent 50 yuan buying the clothes.
c. I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.
分析：
第一句是一个常识问题，应该用一般现在时态。第二句“我买这件衣服花了50元”应该是过去时态。第三句主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时态。
3、语态错误
动词的被动式在英语中比比皆是，学生由于汉语思维的影响，很少考虑到用被动语态。虽然中文里也有被动式的含义，但与英语里被动式表达方式完全不同。英语里的被动式要求有助动词be和一个变异的过去分词形式，其中这个助动词带有时态和人称数量信息，中文里需要使用诸如“被”、“使”、“让”等词语，不需要有不规则的动词形式。这对中国的学习者来说就有潜在的困难。例如：
a. New bicycles must keep inside.
b. The book has to return at the end of the week.
c. The food has cooked.
d. Knife should take away from babies.
正确的句子：
a. New bicycles must be kept inside.
b. The book has to be returned at the end of the week.
c. The food has been cooked.
d. Knives should be taken away from babies.
很明显，这些句法结构己经被确认为未能正确使用英语中的被动式。学生还会犯一些其它方面的错误，其中之一是，常常把英语里没有被动语态的词(组)，如 take place, occur, happen, belong to，appear, break out, rise, die等用作被动语态。
4、固定搭配
错误有介词短语的搭配，固定词组的搭配，更多的`是特殊动词的搭配和用法出现错误最多。很多学习者在记单词的时候，不记搭配和真正用法，错误如下：
a. He suggested to go there on his bike.
b. My teacher explained me the text very carefully.
c. My mother made me to choose the one I liked best.
正确的句子：
a. He suggested going there on his bike.
b. My teacher explained to me the text very carefully.
c. My mother made me choose the one I liked best.
据以上的分析，中国学习者的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响，直接翻译，没有记住这些动词的特殊用法。
5、非谓语动词
错误由于学生对非谓语动词的概念不清楚，对不定式、分词、动名词的用法不明白，对句子结构分析不正确，常把非谓语动词误用作谓语动词。学生不知道在英语句子中谓语动词只能有一个，如果有另外一个动词出现，这个动词有三种情况：一是并列谓语，但是这时候必须有连词，如and, but等;二是出现在从句里面;三就是以分词形式出现，现在分词和过去分词，还有不定式。现在分词有主动语态和进行时的含义，而过去区分词有被动语态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的意义。例如：
a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things look at.
b. I am looking forward to see you.
正确的句子：
a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things to look at.
b. I am looking forward to seeing you.
分析：
a句中己有谓语动词there are，用来修饰things，此句缺的是后置定语。b句look forward to是一个固定短语，后面要接动名词。c句要用现在分词作定语，跟所修饰的名词之间是主谓关系，表示动作正在进行，因此用“sleeping”，相当于 “the child who is sleeping"。
6、冠词错误
学生在翻译时常会忘了考虑冠词，或者说不重视冠词这个问题，常有多用或少用或错用的弊病。
冠词考查分两个方面，一是冠词的残缺或多余，考生要注意关于含有冠词(不含冠词)的用法以及加冠词与不加冠词的区别，如：in charge of与in the charge of, out of question与out of the question的区别。二是冠词the, a, an(不定冠词和定冠词)之间的相互误用。
英汉名词确有许多共同点，但是也有不少不同点。英语名词有可数与不可数之分，汉语里没有，且一般情况下，名词都可受到数量词的限制。因此，英语写作中，一旦涉及到advice, news, progress, weather， information等少数常用不可数名词时，学生往往会犯错误。
不过，在使用英语不可数名词时，又会出现两种情况，一种是绝不可以用a/an或数词来直接修饰，如上述提及的几个名词：另一种情况是，少数不可数名词在被形容词等修饰后，可用a/an等来修饰。如time(时间)，rain(雨)。所以我们可以说：We had a wonderful time yesterday. 例如：
a. The air is the most important thing for our existence.
b. The driver brought the car to stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.
c. When sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.
正确的句子：
a. Air is the most important thing for our existence.
b. The driver brought the car to a stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.
c. When the sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.
7、代词的错误
代词主要有人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、反身代词、疑问代词、复合疑问代词、指示代词，要注意代词的各人称之间和单复数之间的误用，关系代词 which, that, as之间的误用，关系代词that与疑问代词what之间的误用，关系代词which与关系副词when, where，以及what与how的误用等。例如：
a. We do not like he.
b. If you like this books, you can take them away.
c. His book is different from me.
d. The population of China is larger than those of Japan.
正确的句子：
a. We do not like him.
b. If you like these books, you can take them away.
c. His book is different from mine.
d. The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
汉语里，人称代词没有主格、宾格和所有格之变，而英语中的人称代词有主格、宾格和所有格之变，而且每格都具有其自身的用途，分别充当主语、宾语和定语等。尤其要注意的是，人称代词充当介词宾语时，也要采用其宾格形式。
8、连词的错误
连词主要有两类，即并列连词和从属连词，考查点主要是并列连词(分递进式、转折式、选择式和因果式四种)之间的误用(主要是but与so/and之间的误用)，从属连词之间的误用以及并列连词与从属连词之间的误用等。例如：
a. He had little to eat and a large house to live in.
b. He had no sooner arrived when he fell ill.
c. If you go this way, and you will soon see the hospital.
正确的句子：
a. He had little to eat but a large house to live in.
b. He had no sooner arrived than he fell ill.
c.1f you go this way，you will soon see the hospital.
9、名词的错误
名词主要考查单数名词变复数名词，这主要是受东西方文化差异的影响，英语中除了不可数名词和单数名词用单数外，可数名词要用复数形式。另外还有一些特殊形式。例如：
a. What a beautiful weather we are having today!
b. Please give my best regard to your parents.
c. I have got good marks in all my subject.
正确的句子：
a. What beautiful weather we are having today!
b. Please give my best regards to your parents.
c. I have got good marks in all my subjects.
10、情态动词和助动词的错误
这类错误有以下几种情况：① 情态动词后的动词使用过去时态;② 情态动词后的动词加“s”③ 情态动词后的动词加“ing”④”will”后面的“be”动词用“am、“is”或“are ”;⑤助动词“do”后面的动词用动词过去时态;⑥。助动词“do”后面的动词第三人称单数加“s";⑦ 助动词“do”后面的动词加“ing”等。例如：
a. I could did my homework.
b. He may goes to school by bike every day.
正确的句子：
a. I could do my homework.
b. He may go to school by bike every day.
