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英文冰河世纪优美句子

时间:2024-11-24 17:59:22

内容摘要:幼儿的语感是是幼儿对语言的直接感知能力,是幼儿对语言法则或语言组织方法的掌握和运用,是经过反复感性认识上升为理性认识的经验和体会。笔者认为,要学好用好语言,就应该具备良好的语感,语感是可以通过培养形成的,但是语感的培养是一个长期积累的过程,语感启蒙培养也必须从“娃娃”抓起。本文从幼儿语感启蒙培养的原因、意义和方法三个方面,从“教、学、做”三个角度充分说明语感的培养是一个长期积累的过程,语感启蒙培养应从幼儿期抓起。

关键词:幼儿 语感 启蒙

幼儿的语感是指幼儿对语言的语音感受、语意感受、语言情感色彩的感受等。它是幼儿对语言的直接感知能力,是幼儿对语言法则或语言组织方法的掌握和运用,是经过反复感性认识上升为理性认识的经验和体会。正如球类运动员要打好球必须熟悉球性,游泳运动员要有良好的水性,搞音乐的人要有良好的乐感一样,要学好用好语言,就应该具备良好的语感。[1]人对言语的把握,主要凭直觉,有时候,可以不假思索,一听就懂,或者脱口而出,信笔而成。听相声,不等演员的话音落下,观众便会止不住哈哈大笑。读文章,往往会觉得某句话不通,某个词用得不准,这些识别和感受,既不是通过语法检验的结果,也并非逻辑推理和理性分析使然,甚至马上说不清楚造成某个语法不规范的句子或某个词语使用不当的错误原因是什么,而凭借的完全是一种直觉。这种“直觉”其实就是“语感”。要学好用好语言,就应该具备良好的语感,语感是可以通过培养形成的,但是语感的培养是一个长期积累的过程,语感启蒙培养也必须从幼儿期抓起。

一、语感的启蒙培养为什么应从幼儿期开始

大量的心理学研究和学前教育实践证明,2-5岁是幼儿语言能力发展最快,接受语言信息能力也最强的时期。一旦到了6岁以后,孩子对语言的敏感性就下降了。

[2]所以,幼儿期是语言发展的关键期,幼儿的语音、词汇、语法以及言语交际和言语调节能力等均处于“整蓄待发”的阶段,只需提供适宜的环境和教育的条件,幼儿对语言的感受能力就能得到迅速的提高。因此,语感的启蒙教育应从幼儿期开始。

语感之所以叫“感”,它就是一种可意会,不可言传的东西,有时甚至可以说是只可自悟,不可意会,是人们对语言的一种感觉。语感来自于语言实践,又指导语言实践。人们在语言运用中有时感到看起来顺眼,听起来顺耳,说起来顺口,但又说不清其原因,这实际上就是语感在起作用。不同个体由于语言感觉能力和语言实践量的不同而存在着差异,因此有些人能从别人的语音、语调、说话时的表情和动作等准确把握别人要表达的超出文字本身的含义。虽然语感随着语言实践的积累必然会产生,但教师认识到语感的存在和它的积极作用,并采取有效措施去有意识地培养学生的语感,会加速学生语感的早日形成和优化,在幼儿今后汉语、英语等语言类课程的学习中语感是关键因素。幼儿有了一定的语感,在今后的学习中,“有助于激发学生的学习兴趣,会将学生引入课文情境,品出味道,趣味盎然,从而加深对课文的理解。”[3]因此,幼儿语感启蒙培养对幼儿今后语言发展具有重要意义。

二、如何启蒙幼儿的语感

(一)、语感启蒙贯穿于整个教学全过程

1)加强诵读增强幼儿的语音感觉

语感重在积累,而诵读是积累语言、培养语感的重要手段。诵读适合于幼儿,一方面,幼儿的内部语言尚未很好地发展起来,反复诵读有利于幼儿理解文字。另一方面,从幼儿的记忆特点来看,整个幼儿期是记忆的黄金期,无论是机械记忆还是意义记忆,都在迅速发展之中。

如何发挥诵读在幼儿语感培养中的作用?我曾选择了以下几首古诗和儿歌、游戏活动培养幼儿的.语感。

1、古诗:《春晓》:“春眠不觉晓,处处闻啼鸟,夜来风雨声,花落知多少。”

古诗的篇幅短小,内容单纯,明白易懂,节奏鲜明。很适合小班幼儿诵读。在春暖花开的季节让幼儿学习,语感会更好!教师可以用一幅体现春回大地的画,让幼儿有春眠的感觉,有着鸟语花香的感觉。老师在前天对孩子们讲春雨滴嗒滴嗒下不停的故事,有许多美丽的花朵都掉下了。总之让幼儿有着春天来到我身边的意境。幼儿朗读儿歌时,跳起了《春天》的舞曲,营造了优美的音乐环境。老师绘声绘色,声情并茂的进行示范朗诵,起到“传染语感”的作用。使幼儿在倾听中不知不觉地进入作品所描述的境界,使语言形象迅速地显现在眼前,从而培养幼儿的“即时语感”达到“传染语感于幼儿”的目的。[4]

2、儿歌:《画妈妈》:“小铅笔,手中拿。今天我来画妈妈,画双眼睛眯眯笑,画张嘴巴笑哈哈。明天要上幼儿园,要是想妈妈,就去看看这张画。”

儿歌的内容符合幼儿的心理特点,因为妈妈对孩子来说是最值得想念的人物。语言浅显,琅琅顺口,为幼儿喜爱。教师在前一天可以让幼儿带来妈妈的照片,进行观察。使幼儿对妈妈的照片有一个良好的印象。然后,教师让幼儿用小铅笔,在纸上边画妈妈,边念儿歌。儿歌念完,妈妈的照片也画好了。看着自己的作品,特别感到有味。当老师让幼儿念第三遍儿歌时,配置了背景音乐《我的好妈妈》,老师反复的朗读儿歌内容,孩子们的语感就特别浓厚了,情感脆弱的孩子,泪汪汪的。好象对妈妈有说不完的话呢!

2)、开展情景式教学模式培养幼儿语感

语感是对语言文字的敏锐和感觉。它侧重于对语言文字的直觉,是在长期的语言实践中锻炼出来的对语言文字的感受能力。语感敏锐的人能从所读的语言文字中产生深切的感受。这种感受表现为形象的浮现、感情的反响、思维的活跃。

教师在备课过程中,敏锐的语感有助于准确而迅速地唤起一系列记忆和再造表象,并进行必要的联想和想象,以准确地把握教材的思想内容,抓住关键词语和句子,深刻理解教才中语言文字的内在含义和表现行式。例如,我们让幼儿品味诗意“两个黄鹂鸣翠鸟”,为什么只写“两个黄鹂”,而不写一个或三个以上呢?如果只写一个黄鹂,使人们感到太孤独,太冷清了,春意浓的气氛体现不出来;写一群黄鹂又使人感到繁而杂了,产生一种只见黄鹂不见翠柳之感。两个黄鹂在一弯翠柳中唱歌,使人们感到春光明媚,鸟语花香的热闹气氛,会情不自禁地赞叹:好一派春意啊!“鸣”则勾画了两个黄鹂悠然喜悦的神态。这么教古诗,完全收到了效果。

(二)、要高度重视孩子的发音学习。

目前许多幼儿园都开设了双语班,甚至是硬性摊派了英语课程,由专门的老师教孩子简单的英文单词和句子。不是说这些英语老师不胜任,可是,作为家长都不希望自己的孩子张嘴就是标准的中式英语,对真正的外国人说的英语反而听不明白。所以家长自认为发音还算标准的,也不要轻易教孩子发音,也不要让孩子去学英语兴趣班,主要是保护幼儿的语感。如果你们周围没有以英语为母语的老师,我建议妈妈们在孩子5岁前最好别学英语,否则一些不正确的发音会很难纠正的。但是作为以普通话为母语的教师、家长都应该有能力,且必须积极引导幼儿矫正发音。[5]

案例:特色教学手指速算进行地很顺利,小朋友们非但不觉得难反而充满了兴趣。一天,为了证实一下孩子们掌握的程度,我出示手指表示请幼儿们逐个过说数,一切都进行的很顺利。轮到陈逸峰小朋友了,我出的是4, “十细。”“什么?”我以为自己没听清楚。“细。”看到他伸着的手指,我知道他是说对了的,于是就让他再说一遍依旧是“细。”这时候,其余的孩子坐不住了, “细细细。”大家都笑了起来。这时,陈逸峰只是深深地低下了头,也不再说话,泪水在眼眶里打转。我突然意识到他受到了伤害,于是我就让其余小朋友安静下来,耐心地对陈逸峰说: “你别着急,慢慢说, Si。”在失败了几次后,他终于说出了“四”,我就带动所有幼儿鼓掌,并奖给了他一个小明星,他才高高兴兴地回到了座位上。

分析幼儿期是学习说话,形成口语能力的关键时期,他们听觉器官和发音器官尚未完全发育成熟,另外受地方方言的影响也能引起语音错误,常常会使口语交流中出现一些笑话。所以应该重视对幼儿期的口语训练,使其掌握正确的发音规律,学会说普通话。幼儿最早的语音形成途径基本上是模仿。由于幼儿的发音能力和听觉的可塑性较大,教师和家长的语音矫正作用就显得十分重要。教师和家长必须重视这个阶段的教育影响,通过教师和家长的正确语音给幼儿提供模仿的榜样,这样幼儿就能够象教师那样正确发音,从而形成良好的语言能力。练习对于任何学习都是非常重要的,但练习时应注意练习内容应该有一定的趣味性,以避免幼儿因练习形式和内容的枯燥而产生的厌烦情绪。

(三)要借鉴语感启蒙的一些辅助教学方法

1)、语言是没有国界的,在现今学校和家长重视“英语”程度甚于国语教育的社会大环境下,我们不妨借鉴英语语感启蒙的方法来培养语感,在英语语感启蒙方面中、西方都有一些语感启蒙的辅助教学方法。例如:《语感启蒙》收集了英语国家教育儿童所广泛采用的36首手指游戏和动作歌谣,用动画和教学演示的方式纺排成适合中国幼儿认知能力的教学VCD和图画书,让中国幼儿接受英语母语一样的语感启蒙教育。[6]《Twins语感启蒙·韵律操》是《Playtime English》的辅助教材,由香港当红歌星组合Twins倾情演绎,旋律优美,动感活泼。《Twins语感启蒙·韵律操》根据幼儿年龄特点和语言敏感、可塑的特质,精心选择了北美地区三十多首最流行经典的英文歌谣、配有三十多个生动有趣的动画故事和三十多个活泼动感的TRP律动,让孩子在边看、边听、边唱、边做、边玩中自然形成地道的英语语感,让孩子在长期的TPR歌曲和童谣的熏陶下形成对英语敏锐、丰富的感受领悟能力,令孩子脱口而出纯正英语并炼就孩子的美好身姿和出众的表演能力。

《Twins语感启蒙·韵律操》由Twins MTV、动画故事、TPR律动操、动作解析、知识点五部分组成,五个环节,环环相扣,浑然一体,以最时尚的形式重现最经典的内容,给孩子提供足够纯正的语言环境。

同时《Twins语感启蒙·韵律操》精选六首节奏感最强、动作幅度最大的TPR歌谣作为幼儿园的校园操,弥补了幼儿园长期以来校园操缺失和混乱的遗憾。既锻炼了孩子的身体又启蒙了地道的英语语感,为幼儿园英语教学注入新的元素和活力,为孩子英语兴趣的养成和英语学习能力的提高打下坚实的基础。

2)、同时建议大家给孩子看看原版的儿童学英语碟片和原版动画片。象《迪斯尼神奇英语》、《狮子王》、《冰河世纪》等,发音纯正,趣味性强,孩子爱看。但是不要去看《洪恩gogo》等,里面的卡通人物发音怪声怪气,误导孩子呢。多找一些《唐诗三百首》、《宋词》等的语音

教育家叶圣陶说过:“学习语言不该只用心与眼学习,须在心与眼之外,加上口与耳才好。”[7]古人曰:“书读百遍,其义自见” 、"熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟",都充分说明:学语言,语感很重要。但语感不是天生的,而是后期培养的结果,由于幼儿大脑皮层的反应性较强,对一些不理解的事物也能取得好的记忆效果。因此,在幼儿时期高度关注孩子的语感启蒙教育显得至关重要。

参考文献:

[1] 《全球教育展望》杂志社 浅议英语教学中培养学生语感的重要性/2005-6

[2] 红孩子 培养孩子语言能力发展的关键/ 2007-7-15

[3] 黄月春 语感的作用与培养/ 2005-08-16

[4] 大之道文化论坛 语感好了很多/2008

[5] 中国英语 英语发音学习/2007-5-1

[6] 清华幼儿英语 语感启蒙/2004-6

[7] 弘哲教育网 精读指导举隅、2007-7-27

这一部是冰河世纪的第二部动画电影,是续集。曼尼他们又开始了新的冒险旅程,依旧是充满着搞笑的气氛,而又不失温馨。是一部很好看的动画作品。

冰河世纪2英文

1.What would it take to make you happy?

2.Make me, sir. It's all about respect.

3.Congratulations. You're now an idiot in two languages.

4.What do qualifications have to do with child care?

5.You guys never think I can do any thing, but I'm an equal member of this herd.

6.I made this herd, so you need to start treating me with some respect.

7.Why does the burro go home? Why doesn't he stay with the rabbits?

8.He should go with the girl burro. That's a better love story.

9.They lived happily ever after. You can't get more satisfying than that.

10.Are you making an offer? I mean, no, I would not.

11.Be that a sit may, when's the last time you saw another mammoth?

12.The only respect you'll get is respect for the dead.

13.Because we saw what's up there. The dam's gonna break.

14.I don't know, but in a few days, this place is gonna be under water.

15.Sid, I'm going to fall on you again and this time I will kill you.

16.Everyone falls out of the tree now and then. They just don't admit it.

17.Everywhere. Under rocks. In holes in the ground.

18.Why do I gotta be the platypus? Make him the platypus.

19.These guys can protect us out in the open. What do you say?

20.My brothers and I would be delighted to come with you.

21.Now, let's move it before the ground falls out from under our feet.

22.If you weren't here, that hawk would have swooped down and snatched me for dinner.

23.Diego, there are whole continents moving faster than you.

24.From now on, land-safe, water-not safe.

25.No brakes. Gotta roll. Meet you at the other end.

26.Why are you trying to convince her she's a mammoth?

27.What can I say? They're boys. They make my life a little adventure.

28.Crazy and confused, but sweet.

29.I think I'm starting to get through to him.

30.It may surprise you to know that I, too, have experienced fear.

31.I was just saying that it's our responsibility.

32.Making friend servery where you go. Just making friends.

33.Not another word or I'll come down there and push you over myself.

34.Tomorrow's the day the vulture said we're all going to die.

35.Wow. What a night. You'll never guess what happened.

36.There's only one way to go. Straight through.

37.I am not your prey. I am not your prey.

38.Calm down. I saved you, little buddy. Remember?

冰河世纪2介绍:

曼尼、希德和迭哥警觉到天气正在剧烈变化,巨大的天然冰山正发生着大规模的崩解。三兄弟毅然挥军南征,沿途经历诸多危险,最终到达安全的彼岸。在旅途过程中,经常逗嘴的三兄弟互相扶持,有难同当。同时,一直认为自己是最后一头猛犸象的曼尼在旅途中遇到了爱丽--世界最后一头雌性猛犸象。第一次看到好兄弟陷入情网,迭哥和希德也完全无能为力,帮不上忙。其实曼尼也很头疼,美丽的爱丽从小被负鼠家族收养,浸染了所有负鼠的习性,爬树,钻墙角等。而更夸张的.是,爱丽打从骨子里认为自己是一只负鼠,所以根本无法接收曼尼。再加上与爱丽同行的一对活宝负鼠兄弟,个性鲜明,唧唧喳喳。吵的我们的长毛英雄在面对一筹莫展的爱情和恶劣的天气条件下一时完全没有了对策。而偏偏这场破冰之旅还万万少不了爱丽。

hy not call it the Big Chill or the Nippy era?

Im just saying, how do we know its an Ice age?

Because of all the ice.

Well, things just got a little chillier.

Help. Help.

Come on, kids, lets go.

The traffics moving.

But, but, but, Dad.

No buts. You can play extinction later.

OK. Come on, guys.

So, wheres Eddie?

He said he was on the verge of an evolutionary breakthrough.

Really?

Im flying.

Some breakthrough.

- Look out.

- Youre going the wrong way.

Crazy mammoth.

Do the world a favor.

Move your issues off the road.

If my trunk was that small,

I wouldnt draw attention to myself, pal.

Give me a break.

Weve been waddling all day.

Go ahead.

Follow the crowd.

Itll be quieter when youre gone.

Come on.

If he wants to freeze to death, let him.

Im up.

Im up.

Rise and shine, everybody.

Huh?

Zak?

Marshall?

Bertie?

Uncle Fungus?

Where is everybody?

Come on, guys,

were gonna miss the migration.

They left without me.

They do this every year.

Why?

Doesnt anyone love me?

Isnt there anyone who cares about Sid the Sloth?

All right, Ill just go by myself.

Wide body, kerb it next time.

Oh, jeez. Yuck.

I cant believe it.

Fresh wild greens.

Frank, where did you ever...?

- Go ahead. Dig in.

- A dandelion.

- I thought the frost wiped em all out.

- All but one.

It makes me so... I wanna... Yuck.

This has definitely not been my day.

You know what Im saying, buddy?

What a mess.

You rhinos have tiny brains.

Did you know that?

Its just a fact.

No offence.

You probably didnt even know what Im talking about.

A dandelion. Must be the last one of the season.

- Carl.

- Easy, Frank.

He ruined our salad.

My mistake.

That was my mistake.

Let me...

No, no, seriously, let me take care of this.

What is this?

Pine cones.

Oh, my goodness.

Theyre my favorite.

Thats good eating.

But dont let me hog them all up.

Here, you have some.

Tasty, isnt it?

Bon appetit.

Now?

- Just pretend that Im not here.

- I wanted to hit him at full speed.

- Thats OK. Well have some fun with him.

- Dont let them impale me.

I wanna live.

- Get off me.

- Come on, youre making a scene.

Well just take our furry pineta and go.

If its not them today, its someone else tomorrow.

Well, Id rather it not be today. OK?

Well break your neck so you dont feel a thing.

Wait a minute. I thought rhinos were vegetarians.

- An excellent point.

- Shut up.

Who says were gonna eat him after we kill him?

I dont like animals that kill for pleasure.

- Save it for a mammal that cares.

- Im a mammal that cares.

OK, if either of you make it across that sinkhole in front of ya, you get the sloth.

Thats right, you losers.

You take one step and youre dead.

- You were bluffing, huh?

- Yeah. Yeah, that was a bluff.

Get him.

A dandelion?

We did it.

- You have beautiful eyes.

- Get off my face.

Whoa, we make a great team.

What do you say we head south together?

Great. Jump on my back and relax the whole way.

- Wow, really?

- No.

Wait, arent you going south?

The change of seasons, migration instincts.

- Any of this a-ringing a bell?

- I guess not. Bye.

OK, then.

Thanks for the help.

I can take it from here.

You overgrown weasel.

Wait till we get down there.