修饰句子的定语从句
修饰句子的定语从句用法大家掌握了吗？以下是小编精心准备的修饰句子的定语从句用法讲解哦，大家可以参考以下是内容哦！
在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.
引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that,as;
引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why;
关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语.
关系副词在定语从句中做状语.
一.由who,引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),
修饰表示人的先行词.例如:
Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.
Doyouknowthecomradewhospokejustnow?
Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.
二.whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,
口语中可以省略.
Thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom.
Theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.
=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(介词后whom不能省略)
Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingforareveryhealthy.
(固定短语中的介词一般不省略,介词仍放在动词之后)
三.whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词.
DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.
Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.
四.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,
作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.
Theletter(that//which)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.
Ican’tfindtheletterthat//whichcamethismorning.
Doyoustillrememberthedays(that//which)wespenttogether?
Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme.
Thehouse(that//which)weliveinisnotlarge.
=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.
Thedoctor(that//whom//who)youarelookingforisintheroom.
五.which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,
修饰表示物的先行词.先行词可以是词、短语、句子.
Thisisthebook(which/that)youwant.
Thebuildingwhich//thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.
Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)
Thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge.
Thisisthewatch(which/that)hewaslookingfor.
(在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在动词之后,不能放在which之前)
六、that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,但是下列情况只能用that.
①.先行词为不定冠词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等.
All(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday.
Thereisn’tmuch(that)Icando.
②.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.
Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.
Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.
③.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时.
Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.
④.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时.
ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.
ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.
ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.(同一本书)
----ThisisthesamebookasIwanttoread.
⑤.当主句以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that引导.
Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthis?
⑥先行词既有人又有物时.
Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember.
⑦time做先行词,前面如果有序数词或last来修饰时,定语从句用that来引导或省略；如果没有序数词或last来修饰时,既可用when也可用that来引导.
Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallgiveyoualesson.
Thefirsttime(that)Isawhimwasin1972.
It’stime(that)wegotup.
七、as引导的定语从句,
as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句,在从句中作主语、定语、表语、或状语,常与thesame…as;such…as,so…as,as…as连用.
Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.
Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.
Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.
Heisthesameageasyou(are).
Hewillgiveyousuchinformationaswillhelpyou.
Suchstudentsasyouhavementionedshouldbecriticized.
=Studentssuchasyouhavementionedshouldbecriticized.
在thesame…后也可用that引导定语从句,但意义有所不同：
that引出的定语从句,指的是与先行词同一事物；而as引出的定语从句是与先行词相似的'同类事物.
IwanttousethesametoolthatIusedyesterday.
IwanttousethesametoolasIusedyesterday.
八、由when引导的定语从句,修饰表示时间的先行词,when为关系副词,
做定语从句的时间状语.
IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.
IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing.
(介词＋which可以代替when)
I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.
[Irememberthedayswhich//thatwespenttogether.]
九、由where引导的定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词,where为关系副词,
做定语从句的地点状语.
Thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears.
Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.
Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.
(介词＋which可以代替where)
[Thisisaplacewhich//thatIwantedtovisit.]
十、Why引导的定语从句,why做原因状语.
Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewasill.
非限定性定语从句
1.who指人,做主语.
YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy.
2.whom指人,作宾语.
Hehadmanyfriends,manyofwhomhadbeenintheuniversities.
3.whose指人,作定语.
TheChairman’sdaughter,whosenameisAnn,gaveTomasmile.
4.which指物,做主语,宾语.
Hisspeech,whichboredeveryone,wentonandon.
Thespeech,whichhehadwrittenonthepaper,seemedendless.
5.where指地点,作状语.
GalileolivedinthecityofPisa,wherethereisaleaningtowerabout180feethigh.
6.when指时间,作状语.
Themeetingwillbeputofftillnextmonth,whenwewillhavemadeallthepreparations.
7.as做主语,表语,宾语;先行词可以是一个词,一个短语或一个句子.
Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish.
Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.
As引导的定语从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后.在很多情况下已经
构成固定搭配.
Aseverybodycanseeaswasusual
AscanbeseenasIexpected
Asisknowntoall,asmaybeimagined
asyouknowasisexpected
ashasbeensaidbeforeasisreported
asisoftensaidasisannounced
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别：
限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义.这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开.
非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思依然清楚.这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,一般不用that引导.
as和which引导的非限定性定语从句的比较：
1.非限定性定语从句位于句未,而且as和which在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时可互换.
Heisafarmer,as/whichisclearfromhismanner.
Thiselephantislikeasnake,as/whichanybodycansee.
2.which引导的非限定性定语从句一般放在句未,而as引导的非限定性定语从句可放在句未,也可放在句中、句首.放在句首时不能用which替换.
Crusoelosthisdog,whichmadehimverysad
TaiwanispartofChina,as/whichisknowntoall.
Aswehaveseen,oceanscovermorethan70percentoftheearth.
3.as引导非限定性定语从句时,意为“这一点、这件事”,常与see,hope,expect,know,guess等动词搭配；而which引导非限定性定语从句时与主句有一种因果关系,可译为“所以……”.
Cyprus,asyouallknow,isintheMediterranean.
Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.
4.as引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语时,其后面的谓语动词大多数必须是连系动词.如果从句谓语动词是行为动词,则必须用which.
Hemarriedher,aswasnatural.
Sherefusedtotakethemedicine,whichmadehermotherangry.
