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短句连续使用的作用

时间:2024-09-22 17:40:04

现在完成时趣味课件

  现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。

  一、引入:

  -DidyouvisitBeijingbefore?-Yes,Idid.-No,Ididn’t.

  HaveyouevervisitedBeijing?Yes,I________.No,I________.

  HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Yes,I________.No,I________.

  二、定义:

  现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成或仍在持续的动作、状态;强调对现在的影响或联系。

  三、结构:

  have/has+p.p.(动词过去分词)

  接触一:肯定句式现在完成时的肯定句式是“have(has)+过去分词”。如:

  ①Wehavejustfinishedourhomework.

  ②Shehasgonehome.

  注意:

  1)该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。

  2)该句式中have(has)和过去分词之间可用just插入。

  3)把该句式译成汉语时,往往用“已经”、“刚刚”、“过”或“了”等。

  接触二:否定句式:现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+过去分词”。如:

  ⑥Wehaven‘tstudiedUnit2yet.

  ⑦Thetrainhasn'tstoppedyet.

  接触三:疑问句式现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。

  ③Haveyoureadthisstorybookyet?

  特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下:

  ④Whathaveyoudonewithmybike?

  ⑤You'vereadthisstorybook,haven'tyou?

  注意:1)现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。

  2)把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时,

  往往译成“……过吗?”、“已经……了吗?”等。

  3)其肯定回答用“Yes,...have(has).”,

  否定回答用“No,...haven't(hasn't).”,有时用“No,notyet.”或“No,never.”。

  四、过去分词(规则+ed)

  1)Worked,visited,asked,played,stayed2)likedlivedmoved

  3)stoppeddroppedrobbedplanned,preferred4)carried,worried,tried,cried

  五、现在完成时常与一些词、词组连用:

  1、ever(曾)、never(未曾)、already(已经)、

  yet(仍、还)、just(刚刚)、before(以前)

  2、for+一段时间:fortwodays有两天了

  3.inthepast/last+一段时间:inthepasttenyears在刚过去的十年里

  4.since+过去某一个时间:since1991:自从1991年到现在

  一段时间+agosince14yearsago:自从14年前到现在

  一般过去时句子:sinceIwasborn:自从我出生到现在

  already,yet,ever,never,just的用法

  Already肯定句,强调已经的意,放句中或句末.

  Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.

  =Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkalready.

  yet否定句、问句,表示还没,没有的意思,放句末

  Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.

  Hashefinishedhishomeworkyet?

  ever问句,表示曾经的意思HasJohneverbeentoZhuhai?

  never含否定意思的肯定句,表示从没的意思HehasneverbeentoChina.

  just肯定句,表示刚刚的意思IhavejustcomebackfromChina.

  练习:用already,yet,ever,never,just填空

  1.Haveyouseenthefilm()?

  2.Haveyoudoneyourhomework()?-Not(),Iwilldoitaftersupper.

  3.Haveyou()beentoEngland?-no,().

  4.Ihave()finishedreadingthebook.

  5.Ihave()paidforthecar.

  for,since及howlong

  For+时间段:表示某个动作持续了多长时间

  JoeyhasbeeninNewYorkfor10years.

  Since+时间点(具体时间/…ago/某个动作发生的时间):

  表示某个动作是从什么时候开始的,间接地表示这个动作持续的时间

  JoeyhasbeeninNewYorksince1996.

  JoeyhasbeeninNewYorksincetenyearsago.

  JoeyhasbeeninNewYorksincehefirstarrived.

  两者都可以回答由Howlong引导的问题。

  HowlonghasJoeybeeninNewYork?

  练习:用for,since及howlong填空

  1.Thewindhasblown()2hours.

  2.Thedoghasstayedthere()itateitsdinner.

  3.()hastheoldmanlaininbed?

  4.Theteacherhasthoughtabouttheproblem()yesterday.

  5.Thehorsehasrun()quitealongtime.

  6.Theduckshaveswum()thirtyminutes.

  7.Thepoorchildhasworntheoldclothes()7yearsold.

  六、havebeento,havegoneto

  Have(has)beento表示曾经到过某地(通常现在已经回来了)

  MymotherhasbeentoLondontwice.妈妈去过两次伦敦。(妈妈现在已经回来了,在家)

  Have(has)goneto表示已经去了某地(通常不在说话的`地方)

  MymotherhasgonetoLondon.妈妈去了伦敦。(妈妈现在就在伦敦,不在家)

  练习:

  1.Jennyiswell-traveled.Shehas______________toGermanytwice.

  2.Janeisn’tinnow.Shehas______________totheoffice.CanItakeamessage?

  3.Myfatherisasuccessfulbusinessman.He’s______________tomanycountries.

  4.It’sadangerousplace.Nobodyhasever______________there.

  5.Themanagerhas______________toBeijing.Hewillbebacktomorrow.

  6.Thetigerofthezooismissing.Noneofusknowswhereithas______________.

  havebeento,havebeenin,havebeen

  Havebeento去过某地,现在不在那里IhavebeentoParis.NowIamstayinginZhuhai.

  Havebeenin一直呆在某地,后接地点

  IcametoZhuhaiin2004.SoIhavebeeninZhuhaifor2yearsalready.

  Havebeen后接名词和表状态的词组Ihavebeenateachersince2004.

  IhavebeenatNo.4MiddleSchoolfor2years.

  练习:

  1.A:Where’sJim,LiLei?

  B:He______________theschoollibrary.

  2.TheGreens_____________Chinaforthreeyears.

  We_____________theGreatWalltwice.It’sverybeautiful.

  1.Someofushave______________Zhuhaiforonlyaweek.

  2.Susanhas______________inthisbandforoverfiveyears.

  3.Myfatherhas______________Guangdongseveraltimes.

  4.Ithas______________alongtimesinceIfirstmetJohnny.

  5.HelovesZhuhaiandhehas______________therequiteafewtimes.

  6.Judiehasalways______________agoodstudentandherclassmateslikeher.

  7.Tonyhas______________Americabefore,sothistimehewilltraveltoFrance.

  8.Betty’s______________athomeforthreedays.Shedoesn’tfeelinglikegoingout.

  9.Thebosshas______________theofficesinceearlythismorning.Heworkshard.

  七、瞬间动词和持续性动词用于完成时的区别

  延续动词表示经验、经历;

  瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。

  Hehascompletedthework.他已完成了那项工作。(表结果)

  Juliahasborrowedthebook.Julia已经借了那本书。

  I'veknownhimsincethen.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)

  Juliahaskeptthebookfor3days.Julia已借了三天这本书了。

  用于till/until从句的差异

  延续动词用于肯定句,表示“做……直到……”瞬间动词用于否定句,表示“到…才…”

  Hedidn‘tcomebackuntilteno’clock.他到10点才回来。

  Hesleptuntilteno'clock.他一直睡到10点。

  瞬间动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.

  1.直接用延续性动词

  buy–havecatch(get)acold–haveacoldborrow—keepCome/go/become—be

  puton--wear

  2.转换成be+名词

  jointhearmy–beasoldier

  JointheParty–beaPartymember

  gotoschool–beastudent

  3转换成be+形容词或副词

  die—bedeadfinish–beoverbegin—beon

  leave—beawayfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed

  4.转换成be+介词短语

  gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmy

  1.我们买这本书三年了.

  Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.

  Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago

  2.他感冒三天了.

  Hehashadacoldforthreedays.

  Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.

  1.Hisuncle____________(die)fortwoyears.

  2.Helefthishometownthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)

  He_______________________________hishometownforthreeyears.

  瞬间动词和持续动词的练习

  判断正误:

  1.Annhasbecomeateacherfor4years.

  2.MariahasborrowedtheCDfrommeforaoveraweek.

  3.Jeffhasn’thadadayoffsincelastMonday.

  4.Normanhasputthemachinerightforafewhours.

  5.Thestudentshavefinishedthehomeworkforawhile.

  6.Thefrontdoorhasbeenopenfor8hoursalready.

  7.Themeetinghaslastedfortwohoursandahalf.

  8.Berryhasbeenlateforschoolseveraltimesthisterm.

  9.IhavemetPhiliponce.

  10.TheGreenshaveeatenthesupperfortwohours.

  八、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

  现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和过去具体的时间连用,而过去时可以.一般过去时常和过去时间短语连用。

  1.He____________(work)inourschoolforoneyear.

  2.He______(come)toourschoollastyear/in2002.

  3.They_______________(cook)thesupperalready.

  4.They___________(cook)thesupperhalfanhourago.

  练习:Finishthesentenceswiththecorrecttenses:

  Acity________(be)bornbesidethePearlRiver2000yearsago.Laterit__________(become)biggerandmoreimportant.It_______________(change)alotinthelastfewyears.NowtheBaiyunHills,TianheandFangcun_______________(be)partsoftheCity.Baiyunhotel___________(be)oncethetallestbuildinginChina.Butnowmanybuildings_________(be)muchtallerthanit.PeopleinGuangzhou____________(build)manynewbuildingstheseyears.Initslonglife,thecity___________(have)fournames.Doyouknowwhatarethey?

  现在完成时巩固练习

  Multiplechoice

  1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?

  Ahaven’tyouBhaveyouCdoyouDdon’tyou

  2.--AnnhasgonetoShanghai.---So________herparents.

  A.doB.doesC.hasD.have

  3.–Ihavewatchedthegame.

  --When____you____it?

  AhavewatchedBdowatchCdidwatchDwillwatch

  4.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.

  AlivedBhaslivedClivesDisgoingtolive

  5.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.

  AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdeadDhasdied

  6.–WhereisHanMeinow?

  ---She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.

  AhasgoneBhasbeenCgoesDhadgone

  7.---_____totheUnitedStated?----No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.

  A.DidyougoB.DoyougoC.HaveyoubeenD.Haveyougone

  8.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?

  AdoyouBareyouChaveyouDdidyou

  (1-8BDCBBACC)

  Translation

  1.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.

  我已经做完家庭作业了。

  2.Hehasjusthadhismeal.

  他刚吃过饭。

  3.HaveyoueversungthisEnglishsong?

  你曾唱过这首英文歌吗?

  4.Theyhaven’tstartedyet.

  他们还没有动身。

  5.Wehaveneverheardofit.

  我们从来没有听说过这件事。

  6.I'vebeentoBeijingthreetimes.

  我去过北京三次。

  阅读理解

  Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.HeisinAustralia.Hehasbeenthereforsixmonths.Timisanengineer.HeisworkingforabigfirmandhehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplaceinAustralia.HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAliceSprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.HewillsoonvisitDarwin.Fromthere,hewillflytoPerth.Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore,soheisfindingthistripveryexciting.

  1.Onlyoneofthesestatementsistrue.Whichone?

  ThewriterhasbeeninAustraliafor6months.

  Timisamechanicandhe’sworkinginAustralia.

  TimisworkingforanAustralianfirm.

  Timisworkingforabigfirmasanengineer.

  2.Onlyoneofthesestatementsistrue.Whichone?

  TimehasbeeninDarwinfor6months.

  It’sthefirsttimeTimhaseverbeentoanothercountry.

  PerthisinthecentreofAustralia.

  Tim’sbrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore.

  写作平台

  1、Talkaboutsomeplaceswhichyouareinterestedin.Whydoyoulikethere?

  2、用英语写一段话,要求组织好材料,安排层次,勘酌词句,并注意书写工整。

  字数在60字以上。

  1)上星期天我去杭州旅游。

  2)我以前从没去过如此美丽的城市。

  3)杭州以西湖著名,有许多名胜古迹。

  4)游园,划船,爬山,美好时刻,终生难忘.