1、True mastery of any skill takes a lifetime.
对任何技能的掌握都需要一生的刻苦操练。
2、Sweat is the lubricant of success.
汗水是成功的润滑剂。
3、If you are doing your best,you will not have to worry about failure.
如果你竭尽全力，你就不用担心失败。
4、Energy and persistence conquer all things.
能量和坚持可以征服一切事情。
5、Bravery never goes out of fashion.
勇敢永远不过时!
6、Those who turn back never reach the summit.
回头的人永远到不了最高峰!
7、Proper preparation solves 80 percent of life's problems.
适当的准备能解决生活中80%的问题。
8、Winners do what losers don't want to do.
胜利者做失败者不愿意做的.事!
9、Every noble work is at first impossible.
每一个伟大的工程最初看起来都是不可能做到的!
10、We improve ourselves by victories over ourselves. There must be contests, and we must win.
我们通过战胜自己来改进自我。 那里一定有竞赛，我们一定要赢!
11、Speech is the image of actions.
语言是行动的反映。
12、It is always morning somewhere in the world.
世界上总是有某个地方可以看到阳光。
13、If you do not learn to think when you are young, you may never learn. ( Edison )
如果你年轻时不学会思考，那就永远不会。(爱迪生)
14、Anger begins with folly, and ends in repentance.
愤怒以愚蠢开始，以后悔告终。
15、Talents come from diligence, and knowledge is gained by accumulation.
天才在于勤奋，知识在于积累。
16、The greater the man, the more restrained his anger.
人越伟大，越能克制怒火。
17、If there were less sympathy in the world, there would be less trouble in the world. ( O. Wilde )
如果世界上少一些同情，世界上也就会少一些麻烦。(王尔德)
18、All lay load on the willing horse.
人善被人欺，马善被人骑。
19、Strike the iron while it is hot.
趁热打铁。
20、When shepherds quarrel, the wolf has a winning game.
鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
英语写作测试，其实主要还是要考查学生组织英语语言的能力，和用英语表达思想的能力，体裁不外乎议论文，说明文和应用文，主题也是在大学生熟知话题基础上的翻新或扩展。 综观历年的四级
大学英语四级写作的评分依据是: 切题、条理、语言和字数。所谓切题, 就是看写的作文是否跑题; 所谓条理是指每一段的议论正反明晰, 说明的几个方面清楚, 描述的时间正确。
一、审题
我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的是审题。审题的作用在于写作不跑题( 如果跑题, 条理和语言再好, 也得不到及格分, 甚至0 分。) 审题就是要审作文的体裁和题材。因为什么样的体裁就会用什么样的题材去写。就四级而言,它包括议论文、说明文和描述文。从近些年来看, 四级作文不是单一的体裁, 而是几种体裁的杂合体。
二、组织结构
通过审题, 我们知道了写作的思路, 下边就是怎样组织文章。文章的结构一般包括开头、正文、结尾3 部分。就四级作文而言, 多为三段式论说文: 第一段为开头, 点题开篇; 第二段为正文, 展开论述; 第三段为结尾, 总结全文,作出结论。一般的, 开头、结尾部分应见解明确, 主体部分论证应全面、充分。总之, 开头、正文、结尾是一篇文章的有机组成部分, 切忌结构不完整或不合理。段落内部的结构通常也分为3 部分: 提出观点( 主题句) , 论证观点( 扩展句) , 得出结论( 结论句) 。
三、开头
文章开头的方法有很多, 如引语法、主题句法、数字统计法、提问法、举例法等。就四级短文写作而言, 最重要的不是采用什么方法, 而是要做到以简洁的笔墨引入正题,切忌写成一个 狮子头! 。如以On Automobiles 为题的文章, 有的`同学这样开头: Automobile is a means of transporta..tion. In Jinan alone there are over 100, 000 cars. It. s estimated that there are at least 50 million ones in the world. It is a largenumber. From this, we can see that automobiles have become amajor kind of useful vehicle in the world.
120 字的短文, 开头就占用了40 多字, 留给正文和结论段的篇幅和时间就很少了。何况, 这段内容与汽车带来的利弊这一主题关系并不直接, 其中的数字也不见得准确。因此, 这样的开头不可取。事实上, 上段开头完全可以写得简洁直接一些, 如: As an important means of transpor..tation, automobiles are enjoying growing popularity all over theworld.
四、主题句
主题句是全段的核心句, 可以帮助读者了解段落的中心思想, 限制话题范围, 并表明段落展开的方向。它可置于段首, 段中或段尾。对于四级写作而言, 把主题句置于段首更易于扣住中心展开论述。对主题句的运用有以下几点要求:
1. 主题句应具有高度概括性, 换言之就是整个段落应紧紧围绕主题句来写, 不能出现与之无关的内容。
2. 主题句应是个完整的句子。
3. 主题句不应过于笼统, 否则就失去了对整段的统帅作用。
4. 主题句不应太具体, 否则会没有进一步展开的空间。如: The dictionary is small 这样的句子。
近年来常见的作文题型是提纲式作文, 这些提纲句如果是汉语, 往往可以被翻译成英语来充当段落主题句, 如果是英语就可以把它扩充成主题句。例如有一年四级题目Good Health , 提纲有三条, 分别是:
1. Importance of good health
2.Ways to keep fit
3. My own practice
这样的作文要求句就可以扩展成主题句。扩展后三段的主题句分别为:
* It is very important to have good health. ( 把名词impor..tance 变成形容词important)
* There are four ways to keep fit for me. ( 用there be 句型)
* My own practices are the following.
五、结尾
如前所述, 文章的结论应紧扣主题, 呼应文章开头。这种呼应不是对开头的简单重复, 而是主题的升华或深入。从篇幅来看, 结尾应该短小精悍。常见结尾写法有:
1. 总结文章主要内容, 这是最常见的方法。
2. 提出希望或展望未来。
3. 对文章提出的观点进行反问, 启发读者思考。如:An open China has realized the importance of business. Whyshould we give up this opportunity and rely on agriculture?
4. 引用谚语或名人
六、条理
保证不跑题是写作中第一重要任务, 第二个重要任务是条理清楚。对于议论文来说, 正反面要清楚, 对于说明文来说, 1、2、3条要清楚。对于描述文来说, 谁干什么要清楚。举Good Health 一例。第一段保持正反面要清楚就应该这样写: 主题句( It is very important to have good health) , 正面(With good health, we can. . . . ) , 反面(Without good health,we can do nothing. We can. t do . . . . . )
第二段应这样写: 主题句( There are four ways to keepfit) , 从几方面说明: Firstly ,we should have our breakfast in themorning. Secondly, we should have a nap at noon, Thirdly,sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon. And fouth, wecould have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to themusic. . . .为了使文章更具条理性, 我们可以用first ( ly) , second( ly) , third( ly) 等副词, 使文章的条理性突出, 作文是主观性题, 要想得高分我们必须把评卷老师考虑进去。评卷老师时间很短( 每份卷子的作文只有一两分钟就要阅完) 。
所以我们在列条条时最好不用: To begin with, after that,and then , the next , the following , at last, 因为这样的词语不利于阅卷老师看出你作文的条理性。第三段应这样写: 主题句(My own practice are the fol..lowing) , 具体情况( 主语为第一人称代词I, 与第二段呼应)In the morning , I have my breakfast. At noon, I have a nap.And in the afternoon, I always play football . In the evening, Iusually listen to the classic music.
写作是英语学习者语言综合运用能力的体现，它需要日积月累，反复练习才能有所提高。写作本身就是一种再创作，一种思想升华，不同的人会有不同的理解和看法。学习者只要悉心揣摩，细心观察，不断总结，做一个英语学习中的有心人，势必可以熟能生巧，妙笔生花。
英语四级作文常用开头句
[1] When asked about…, the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that…. But I think/view a bit differently.
[2] When it comes to …m some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that… They claim/ believe/argue that … But I wonder/doubt whether…
2)现象法——引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论。
[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of … has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of … has been brought into focus/into public attention.
[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality … is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
3)观点法——开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。
[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that…
[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to…
[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of …
[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that…
4)引用法——先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.
[3] "…" We often hear statements/words like those/this.
[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "…".
5)比较法——通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as … But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing …, people …
[2] People used to think that …(In the past, ...) But people now share this new idea.
6)故事法——先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。少用!
[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt … The phenomenon of … has aroused public concern.
[2] I have a friend who … Should he …? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
[3] Once upon a time, there lived a man who … This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.
英语四级作文常用结尾句
①From what has been discussed / mentioned above, we may conclude that …
②Therefore, it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that …
③It is high time that something was done about …
④From all the reasons / consideration above, it is evident / clear / obvious that …
⑤Taking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that …
⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented, I strongly recommend that …
⑦It is clear, therefore, that …
⑧All in all, what really matters is, in fact, to …
⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to …
⑩From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that …
⑾ In conclusion, the most important is …
⑿ On the whole, it is high time that every one …
⒀ As a result, we should take some effective steps to …
⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics, it is not difficult to see that …
⒂ Only in this way / in so doing, can be really …
