1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope， or pronghorn.
2. Of the millions who saw Haley‘s comet in 1986， how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.
3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear， happiness， sadness， and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans， the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.
5. Insgroupsto remain in existence， a profit-making organization must， in the long run， produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.
6. The greater the population there is in a locality， the greater the need there is for water， transportation， and disposal of refuse.
7. It is more difficult to write simply， directly， and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one‘s meaning.
8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized， designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer， less severe interiors.
9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.
10. The knee is the jointswheresthe thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
11. Acids are chemical compounds that， in water solution， have a sharp taste， a corrosive action on metals， and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.
12. Billie Holiday‘s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.
13. Essentially， a theory is an abstract， symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.
14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language， they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
15. Thanks to modern irrigation， crops now grow abundantly in areasswheresonce nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.
16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.
17. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
18. Fungi are important in the process of decay， which returns ingredients to the soil， enhances soil fertility， and decomposes animal debris.
19. When it is struck， a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone， retaining its pitch over a long period of time.
20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States， they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.
新托福写作的改革，使得托福综合写作技巧越来越备受考生们的关注。如何才能在相似文章群里出类拔萃，暂露头脚，好的托福
开头方法一、比较新颖、有创意的'开头
“As technologies and the demand for certain services change， many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker， not to government or to business.
As a saying goes， “God helps those help themselves”， which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned， I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.
开头方法二、 可以适当的复述一下题目，然后稍作让步，再表达自己的观点和立场
“Work greatly influences people’s personal lives—their special interests， their leisure activities， even their appearance way from the work place.”
The speaker claims that our jobs greatly influence our personal interests， recreational activities and even appearance. While I agree that the personal lives of some people are largely determined by their work， in my view it would be a mistake to draw this conclusion generally. In my observation， the extent to which occupation influences personal life depends on the nature of the work， and how central the work is to one’s sense of self.
“We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”
I believe this statement should be interpreted broadly—to mean that we are influenced by the exterior shape of buildings， as well as by the arrangement of multiple buildings and by a building’s various architectural and aesthetic elements. While I doubt that buildings determine our character or basic personality traits， I agree that they can greatly influence our attitudes， moods， and even life styles.
开头方法三、新托福写作可以以提问方式开头，阐述自己的观点，再表明自己的立场
“As technologies and the demand for certain services change， many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker， not to government or to business.”
As technology and changing social needs render more and more jobs obsolete， who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjustWhile individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work， both industry and government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.
开头方法四、可以先表明自己的立场，再阐述原因
Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies， but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.
Contrary to the statement’s premise， my view is that businesses are less likely than government to establish large bureaucracies， because businesses know that they are more vulnerable than government to damage resulting from bureaucratic inefficiencies. My position is well supported by common sense and by observation.
好的托福写作离不开托福写作里的方方面面。让我们一起努力，来攻克这一小难关!
在备课托福写作的过程中，很多拿不到高分的学生不是看不懂题目，也不是没有论点，而是论证方面不够具体，这从某种程度上来说成为了托福写作的死穴。在OG中反复强调的FULLY DEVELOPED的重要性其实说得也就是这个道理了。论证的方法有很多，比较常见的包括直接论证，举例子，描写原因，或者引用他人的观点和数据等等。其中，最容易操作的而且又容易得高分的就是举例子了。 然而，举例子这个方法向来不被大家所重视，因为对于大多数学生来说，举例子实在有些过于简单了，只要写上for instance, for example这之类的提示词，然后再根据自己的自身经历去描写一些大家都知道的事实就可以了。其实正如大家所想，考官对于这些例子早已看过了千遍万遍，想得高分可能就会比较困难了。
因此，想要举例子并且拿高分，最好是举两种例子，首先是外国人比较熟悉的例子，根据他们的社会情况，文化起源来举例子。这种方法显然对于那些对国外生活还不十分了解的同学来说是有一定的难度的了。那么第二种就是讲自己的亲身经历和自己身边的故事，这也能让考官产生亲切感。
拿第一种例子来说，如果用得恰当，会给考官眼前一亮的感觉，例如在讨论媒体对人们的影响时，选用美国人所熟知的脱口秀女王Oprah Winfrey作为例子。或是在讨论学生是否都应该学习历史的时候，选用美国历史上知名的总统，如Thomas Jefferson, Herbert Hoover等进行论证都非常好。但是这对考生对于考前的准备工作以及素材的积累工作要求比较高，要知道，不是随随便便哪一个人都可以对于英美的`体制和历史这么了解的，这需要一段时间的系统学习。
那么，对于大多数备考时间十分有限的同学们来说，花大量的时间和精力去准备第一种例子似乎有些不太合适。因此，第二种方法看起来实用性更强一些。
有些同学会问，我身边没有那么多的例子可以去写，又该怎么办呢。这种时候，就要充分发挥我们的想象力，学会编例子了。这里的编并不是随手胡编，更重要的是编的有道理，能够让别人信服。这里就要有一些小技巧教给大家了。首先，在编例子的时候尽量具体，比如加上具体的时间，地点。其次，写完故事之后，千万别忘了再加上一到两句话去论证，这样会有很好的巩固效果。另外有一点需要注意，在你的文章当中，每一句话都是要为你的论点服务的，千万不要只陶醉于自己的故事当中，而忽略了写作的目的。
